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Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of 11 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with t (14;19) (q32;q13) . Methods: The case data of 11 patients with CLL with t (14;19) (q32;q13) in the chromosome karyotype analysis results of the Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 1, 2018, to July 30, 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: In all 11 patients, t (14;19) (q32;q13) involved IGH::BCL3 gene rearrangement, and most of them were accompanied by +12 or complex karyotype. An immunophenotypic score of 4-5 was found in 7 patients and 3 in 4 cases. We demonstrated that CLLs with t (14;19) (q32;q13) had a mutational pattern with recurrent mutations in NOTCH1 (3/7), FBXW7 (3/7), and KMT2D (2/7). The very-high-risk, high-risk, intermediate-risk, and low-risk groups consisted of 1, 1, 6, and 3 cases, respectively. Two patients died, 8 survived, and 2 were lost in follow-up. Four patients had disease progression or relapse during treatment. The median time to the first therapy was 1 month. Conclusion: t (14;19) (q32;q13), involving IGH::BCL3 gene rearrangement, is a rare recurrent cytogenetic abnormality in CLL, which is associated with a poor prognosis.
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Humans , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics , Retrospective Studies , Translocation, Genetic , Chromosome Aberrations , KaryotypingABSTRACT
The pharmacodynamic substance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important basis for its mechanism and quality control, and also a key scientific issue for the inheritance and development of TCM. However, the complex characteristics of multi-component, multi-target and integrity of TCM, as well as the limitations of modern scientific research technical methods, have brought great challenges to the research. The interactions between Chinese medicine and intestinal flora provide us with a new idea. Based on the effective role of TCM and the hypothesis of correlation between intestinal flora and disease, the research on the material basis and mechanism of action of TCM based on intestinal metabolomics mostly explored the relationship between microflora and host phenotype, gradually deepening, and finally focused on the relationship between intestinal strains and molecular levels. This paper summarized the research ideas and key technologies of this model, in order to provide reference for the application of this model.
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Objective: To explore the associations of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with FPG and oral glucose tolerance test 2-hour (OGTT-2 h) in areas at different altitude in China. Methods: Subjects who participated in 2018-2019 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance and had no prior type 2 diabetes diagnosis were included. Subsequently, they were categorized into three groups based on altitude of living area (<2 000, 2 000- and ≥3 000 m). With adjustment for intracluster correlation, multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations of HbA1c with FPG and OGTT-2 h in the context of HbA1c was normal (<5.7%) or abnormal (≥5.7%). Furthermore, the shape of relationships between HbA1c and glucose indicators was examined using restricted cubic spline. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of HbA1c for diabetes. Results: A total of 157 277 subjects were included in the analysis. While FPG and OGTT-2 h levels gradually decreased with increase of altitude, HbA1c level was similar among the three groups. When HbA1c was <5.7%, its association with FPG and OGTT-2 h was weak and no obvious difference was observed among the three groups. When HbA1c was ≥5.7%, the FPG and OGTT-2 h increased by 15.45% (95%CI:14.71%- 16.18%) and 24.54% (95%CI:23.18%-25.91%) respectively per one standard deviation increase in HbA1c in group in area at altitude <2 000 m. However, the FPG and OGTT-2 h increased by 13.08% (95%CI:10.46%-15.76%) and 21.72% (95%CI:16.39%-27.31%), respectively, in group in area at altitude 2 000- m, and increased by 11.41% (95%CI:9.32%-13.53%) and 20.03% (95%CI:15.38%- 24.86%), respectively, in group of altitude ≥3 000 m. The restricted cubic spline indicated that the curve showing the association of HbA1c with FPG and OGTT-2 h was flat when HbA1c was <5.7%, but showed a positive linear relationship when HbA1c was ≥5.7%. The area under curve for detecting diabetes was 0.808 (95%CI:0.803-0.812) in group of altitude <2 000 m and 0.728 (95%CI:0.660-0.796, P=0.022) in group of altitude ≥3 000 m. The relevant optimal cutoff value of HbA1c was 5.7%, with a sensitivity of 65.4% and a specificity of 83.0%, and 6.0%, with a sensitivity of 48.3% and a specificity of 93.7%, respectively. Conclusions: When HbA1c was ≥5.7%, the association between HbA1c and glucose indicators became weaker as the increase of altitude. In the area at altitude ≥3 000 m, it may not be appropriate to use HbA1c in the diagnosis of diabetes.
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Adult , Humans , Glycated Hemoglobin , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis , Blood Glucose/analysis , Glucose , Altitude , Fasting , China/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The association among plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), FMO3 polymorphisms, and chronic heart failure (CHF) remains to be elucidated. TMAO is a microbiota-dependent metabolite from dietary choline and carnitine. A prospective study was performed including 955 consecutively diagnosed CHF patients with reduced ejection fraction, with the longest follow-up of 7 years. The concentrations of plasma TMAO and its precursors, namely, choline and carnitine, were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the FMO3 E158K polymorphisms (rs2266782) were genotyped. The top tertile of plasma TMAO was associated with a significant increment in hazard ratio (HR) for the composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart transplantation (HR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.13-1.91, P = 0.004) compared with the lowest tertile. After adjustments of the potential confounders, higher TMAO could still be used to predict the risk of the primary endpoint (adjusted HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.01-1.74, P = 0.039). This result was also obtained after further adjustment for carnitine (adjusted HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.01-1.74, P = 0.039). The FMO3 rs2266782 polymorphism was associated with the plasma TMAO concentrations in our cohort, and lower TMAO levels were found in the AA-genotype. Thus, higher plasma TMAO levels indicated increased risk of the composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart transplantation independent of potential confounders, and the FMO3 AA-genotype in rs2266782 was related to lower plasma TMAO levels.
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Humans , Carnitine , Choline/metabolism , Chronic Disease , Heart Failure/genetics , Methylamines , Oxygenases , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of de novo malignancies (DNMs) after liver transplantation (LT) and to study the clinical management strategies.Methods:Adult LT recipients who were regularly followed-up in the Organ Transplantation Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2005 to April 2021 were enrolled in this study. The clinical characteristics of DNMs were retrospectively analyzed. Of 601 LT recipients, there were 105 females and 496 males, aged (51.4±9.6) years old. They were divided into the DNMs group ( n=26) and the non-DNMs group ( n=575) according to whether there were DNMs on followed-up. Clinical data including age, sex, basic diseases before LT and operation time were collected. These patients were follow-up in outpatient clinics. Results:Twenty-six patients were diagnosed to develop DNMs after LT, but there were 28 DNMs (of which 2 patients were diagnosed to have DNMs twice). The incidence of DNMs after LT was 4.3% (26/601), the median time from LT to DNMs was 42 (20, 70) months, and the cumulative incidence rates of DNMs were 0.5%, 2.0%, 6.3%, 21.0% and 34.5% at 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 years after LT, respectively. Among the 28 DNMs, digestive system tumors were most common, with 17 lesions (60.7%), followed by 3 lesions (11.1%) of lung cancer, 2 lesions (7.4%) of lymphoproliferative diseases, and 1 lesion (3.7%) of cervical cancer, thyroid cancer, soft palate cancer, eyelid cancer, laryngeal cancer, and prostate cancer. The follow-up time of 55.9 (36.6, 102.5) months in the DNMs group after LT was longer than the 33.4 (18.5, 58.9) months in the non-DNMs group ( P<0.001). The 1, 5, and 10 year survival rates of patients with DNMs after LT were 96.3%, 83.5%, and 49.8%, respectively. The 1, 5, and 10 year survival rates of patients with non-DNMs after LT were 94.5%, 77.7%, and 75.4%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the cumulative survival rates between the two groups (log rank=0.402, P=0.526). Conclusion:The incidence of DNMs in LT recipients was 4.3%. The majority of them were digestive system tumors. Early diagnosis and treatment of DNMs significantly improved the prognosis and quality of life of these patients.
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To evaluate the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for small common bile duct stones, 60 patients diagnosed as having suspected common bile duct stones who were hospitalized in Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University from January 2018 to July 2021 were selected. All patients were examined by EUS and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) during the same hospitalization. The results of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, laparotomy or laparoscopic common bile duct exploration were adopted as the golden standard. The diagnostic results of EUS and MRCP were compared with the golden standard, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the two methods were calculated. Among the 60 patients, 46 cases were confirmed as having common bile duct stones, 43 cases were diagnosed accurately by EUS and 35 cases by MRCP. Fourteen patients were confirmed as having no common bile duct stones, and the diagnosis was accurate in 12 cases by EUS and 13 cases by MRCP. The sensitivity of EUS was significantly higher than that of MRCP [93.48% (43/46) VS 76.09% (35/46), χ2=4.128, P=0.042]. There were 45 cases with diameter ≤1.0 cm, of which 42 cases were diagnosed by EUS and 34 by MRCP (diagnostic accuracy 93.33% VS 75.56%, χ2=4.145, P=0.042). There were 39 cases with diameter ≤0.8 cm, of which 36 cases were diagnosed by EUS and 28 by MRCP (diagnostic accuracy 92.31% VS 71.79%, χ2=4.266, P=0.039). There were 26 cases with diameter ≤0.5 cm, of which 24 cases were diagnosed by EUS and 16 by MRCP (diagnostic accuracy 92.31% VS 61.54%, χ2=5.038, P=0.021). EUS has obvious advantages in the diagnosis of common bile duct stones, and the accuracy of EUS is not affected by the size of stone. As a consequence, EUS should be performed in patients with high clinical suspicion of common bile duct stones but negative MRCP result.
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Objective: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of dose-enhanced immunochemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in young patients with newly diagnosed high-risk aggressive B-cell lymphoma. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to examine the clinical and survival data of young patients with high-risk aggressive B-cell lymphoma who received dose-enhanced immunochemotherapy and ASCT as first-line treatment between January 2011 and December 2018 in Blood Diseases Hospital. Results: A total of 63 patients were included in the study. The median age range was 40 (14-63) years old. In terms of the induction therapy regimen, 52 cases received R-DA-EP (D) OCH, and the remaining 11 received R-HyperCVAD/R-MA. Sixteen (25.4% ) patients achieved partial response in the mid-term efficacy assessment, and ten of them were evaluated as complete response after transplantation. The median follow-up was 50 (8-112) months, and the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate were (83.9±4.7) % and (90.4±3.7) % , respectively. Univariate analysis demonstrated that age-adjusted international prognostic index ≥2 scores was a negative prognostic factor for OS (P=0.039) , and bone marrow involvement (BMI) was an adverse prognostic factor for OS (P<0.001) and PFS (P=0.001) . However, multivariate analysis confirmed that BMI was the only independent negative predictor of OS (P=0.016) and PFS (P=0.001) . Conclusions: The use of dose-enhanced immunochemotherapy in combination with ASCT as first-line therapy in the treatment of young, high-risk aggressive B-cell lymphoma results in good long-term outcomes, and BMI remains an adverse prognostic factor.
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Adult , Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Disease-Free Survival , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Lymphoma, B-Cell , Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Stem Cell Transplantation , Transplantation, AutologousABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the effect and safety of different heating methods in continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) treatment.Methods:One-hundred and twenty critical patients, who hospitalized in the department of ICU of Nanjing University of TCM affiliated Hospital from Nov. 2018 to Aug. 2020, were enrolled in this study and divided randomly and equally into four groups: control group (heated by Prismaflex′s blood warming equipment), group A (heated by spiral-wound case blood warming equipment), group B (heated by 3M Bair Hugger warming carpet) and group C (heated by 3M displacement liquid warming equipment). All the patients were monitored levels of rectal temperature, forehead temperature, and temperatures of CRRT′s arterial and venous ends in 12 hours after CRRT treatment. The rates of low or high temperature and max fluctuation range of temperature were recorded.Results:The highest temperatures of rectal, arterial and venous ends of CRRT in three groups were (37.20±0.23)℃, (37.15±0.35)℃, (37.16±0.24)℃, (37.21±0.35)℃, (37.15±0.31)℃, (37.19±0.23)℃ and (36.49±0.52)℃, (36.36±0.46)℃, (36.68±0.22)℃, respectively. After CRRT treatment, the highest temperatures of rectal in each group were (36.85±0.31)℃, (36.75±0.35)℃ and (36.96±0.21)℃, respectively. The highest temperatures of arterial and venous ends of CRRT in each group were (36.81±0.32)℃, (36.65±0.31)℃, (36.99±0.20)℃, (36.34±0.41)℃, (36.20±0.42)℃ and (36.30±0.28)℃, respectively. The highest temperatures of rectal, arterial and venous ends of CRRT in Group A and C were higher than those in control group. The highest temperatures of rectal and arterial ends of CRRT in Group A and B were lower than those in Group C ( t values were 2.037-4.559, P<0.05). After CRRT treatment, the lowest rectal temperatures in three groups were (36.85±0.31)℃, (36.75±0.35)℃ and (36.96±0.21)℃, respectively. The lowest temperatures of arterial and venous ends of CRRT in three groups were (36.81±0.32)℃, (36.65±0.31)℃, (36.99±0.20)℃, (36.34±0.41)℃, (36.20±0.42)℃ and (36.30±0.28)℃, respectively. The lowest temperatures of rectal, arterial and venous ends of CRRT in Group A and C were higher than those in control group. The lowest temperatures of rectal and arterial ends of CRRT in Group A and B were lower than those in Group C ( t values were 2.032-6.194, P<0.05). After CRRT treatment, the fluctuation of rectal temperatures in three groups were (0.34±0.11)℃, (0.38±0.15)℃ and (0.26±0.11)℃, respectively. The fluctuation of arterial and venous ends of CRRT temperatures in three groups were (0.30±0.14)℃, (0.35±0.23)℃, (0.22±0.14)℃, (0.33±0.16)℃, (0.39±0.23)℃ and (0.26±0.09)℃, respectively. The fluctuation levels of rectal, arterial and venous ends of CRRT in Group A and C were higher than those in control group. The fluctuation levels of rectal and arterial ends of CRRT in Group A and B were lower than those in Group C ( t values were 2.032-6.194, P<0.05). After CRRT treatment, the fluctuation of △RBC in three groups were 0.11±0.07, 0.11±0.06 and 0.09±0.06, respectively. The fluctuation of △Fib in three groups were 0.83±0.32, 0.84±0.28 and 0.60±0.31, respectively. Correlation analysis showed C methods was most related with the fluctuation temperatures of venous ends of CRRT. Conclusion:Heating replacement fluid by 3M blood warming device is proved to be the best way to prevent heat loss in CRRT treatment.
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To improve the fluidity and compactibility properties of raw powders of traditional Chinese medicine by particle modification technology, Lonicera Japonica Flos was used as a model drug, fluidized bed bottom spray technology was used, and Plasdone S-630 was used as a modifier to prepare modified particles. The powder properties, tablet compactibility parameters, disintegration time and dissolution were measured. The surface morphology of the powder particles before and after modification and compressed tablets were characterized by combining with scanning electron microscopy technology. The results showed that the particle size of Lonicera Japonica powder has been increased after particle modification, the fluidity, compressibility and compactibility of the powder have been improved to some extent, the disintegration time has also been reduced, and the dissolution in vitro is not affected. Therefore, this study can provide reference and ideas for the common problem that raw powder of traditional Chinese medicine that cannot meet the needs of preparation production due to poor powder properties such as fluidity and compressibility.
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Objective:To explore the method of building the formative assessment (FA) system in diagnostics teaching and investigate its implementation effect.Methods:We planned and formulated the formative assessment system in diagnostics teaching of undergraduate curriculum. The correlation between the scores of the formative assessment and final exam were analyzed. A questionnaire survey on students' attitudes towards FA and an interview on teachers' perspectives were conducted. SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis. Linear correlation analysis was used to compare the final exam scores with formative assessment scores, and Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the scores of questionnaire items.Results:The scores of FA were significantly positive related to the scores of final exam ( r = 0.559, P < 0.001). The questionnaire analysis showed that students significantly valued the formative assessment superior to the summative assessment ( Z = -8.632, P<0.001). It was generally approved of the promotion of FA in students' self-direct learning and self-supervision and the advances in acquirement of knowledge and skills. Conclusion:It is feasible of carrying FA in diagnostics teaching which could provide better learning outcome and might have an extensive prospect of application.
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Background/Aims@#Achalasia is a rare disease, but the incidence is increasing recently. Peroral esophageal myotomy (POEM) is an effective treatment.Regurgitation is a common symptom before and after POEM. Our aim is to investigate the factors related to preoperative and postoperative reflux symptoms. @*Methods@#Our study was retrospective. The achalasia patients diagnosed by high-resolution manometry and gastroscopy were divided into reflux group and non-reflux group before and after POEM, respectively. General information, symptoms, POEM information, and manometric results were compared. @*Results@#(1) Ninety-six of 130 patients had reflux symptoms before POEM. The lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) in the reflux group was significantly higher than the non-reflux group (P = 0.023), while integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) was similar. The reflux group had longer esophagus than the non-reflux group (P = 0.006). Reflux symptoms were not related to subtypes of achalasia.(2) Twenty-five of 84 patients had reflux symptoms after POEM. Postoperative Eckardt scores, LESP, and 4-second IRP (4sIRP) were significantly lower than the preoperative values (P < 0.001). The preoperative values and POEM information were similar between the postoperative 2 groups and there was no significant difference in the presence of preoperative reflux symptoms between 2 groups.The postoperative LESP and 4sIRP were similar between the 2 groups, however, the postoperative UESP was significantly higher in the reflux group than the non-reflux group (P = 0.042). The non-reflux group had more declines in Eckardt scores and LESP than the reflux group. @*Conclusions@#The reflux symptoms of achalasia patients without treatment were mainly due to food retention. The postoperative reflux symptoms were not the sign of the excessive relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter.
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Objective:To explore the effects of home-based telerehabilitation guidance on physical function and activities of daily living for stroke patients. Methods:From September, 2015 to March, 2018, 240 stroke recovering patients from three community health service centers in Fengtai District, Beijing for outpatient rehabilitation were randomly divided into control group (n = 120) and tele-rehab group (n = 120). Both groups accepted routine rehabilitation for six months, while the tele-rehab group received telerehabilitation guidance in addition. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and after treatment. Results:The scores of FMA and MBI improved after treatment in both groups (|t| > 14.536, P < 0.001), and improved more in the tele-rehab group than in the control group (|t| > 2.200, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Home-based telerehabilitation guidance may enhance the effect of community-based outpatient rehabilitation for stroke patients.
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Background/Aims@#Achalasia is a rare disease, but the incidence is increasing recently. Peroral esophageal myotomy (POEM) is an effective treatment.Regurgitation is a common symptom before and after POEM. Our aim is to investigate the factors related to preoperative and postoperative reflux symptoms. @*Methods@#Our study was retrospective. The achalasia patients diagnosed by high-resolution manometry and gastroscopy were divided into reflux group and non-reflux group before and after POEM, respectively. General information, symptoms, POEM information, and manometric results were compared. @*Results@#(1) Ninety-six of 130 patients had reflux symptoms before POEM. The lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) in the reflux group was significantly higher than the non-reflux group (P = 0.023), while integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) was similar. The reflux group had longer esophagus than the non-reflux group (P = 0.006). Reflux symptoms were not related to subtypes of achalasia.(2) Twenty-five of 84 patients had reflux symptoms after POEM. Postoperative Eckardt scores, LESP, and 4-second IRP (4sIRP) were significantly lower than the preoperative values (P < 0.001). The preoperative values and POEM information were similar between the postoperative 2 groups and there was no significant difference in the presence of preoperative reflux symptoms between 2 groups.The postoperative LESP and 4sIRP were similar between the 2 groups, however, the postoperative UESP was significantly higher in the reflux group than the non-reflux group (P = 0.042). The non-reflux group had more declines in Eckardt scores and LESP than the reflux group. @*Conclusions@#The reflux symptoms of achalasia patients without treatment were mainly due to food retention. The postoperative reflux symptoms were not the sign of the excessive relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter.
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【Objective】 To explore the changes of parameters of thromboelastogram (TEG) detection in patients with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, and their correlation with routine coagulation indicators, and compare the two methods in detecting coagulation function and status in patients with cerebrovascular disease. 【Methods】 The detection data of 34 cases of cerebral infarction and 102 cases of cerebral hemorrhage, who underwent TEG and routine coagulation test in parallel, in Department of Neurosurgery of our hospital from January 1, 2018 to March 26, 2019 were collected. Fifty healthy subjects, who underwent TEG and routine coagulation tests in the same period, served as the control. The results of TEG and routine coagulation test of the 3 groups were compared and analyzed. 【Results】 Compared with cerebral hemorrhage (group) and the control, R value of cerebral infarction group decreased significantly, while the Angle angle, MA distance, CI value, Fib and D-D levels increased significantly(P<0.05); the K value, Fib, TT, and D-D of cerebral hemorrhage group increased significantly while Angle angle and MA distance decreased significantly compared with other two groups(P<0.05). The R value, K time (min), TT (s), D-D (mg/L), Angle angle (°), MA distance, CI value, and Fib (mmg/L) of cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage group were 5.06±1.71 vs 6.95±4.34, 1.19±0.68 vs 3.43±1.46, 13.89±1.05 vs 18.63±1.25, 1.93±0.25 vs 2.63±0.45, 69.34±10.37 vs 56.54±10.48, 68.34±9.37 vs 54.35±7.48, 2.20±0.31 vs 0.78±0.41, and 380±70.02 vs 354±71.56 (P<0.05). In cerebral infarction group, the R value, APTT, Angle angle, MA, and CI values were positively correlated with Fib (P<0.05); while K time was negatively correlated with Fib ; MA distance with PT/TT; CI value with PT/APTT(P<0.05). In the cerebral hemorrhage group, the R value was positively correlated with PT/APTT; K time with TT; Angle with Fib (P<0.05); R value/K time were negatively correlated with Fib; Angle with TT; CI value with PT (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 For patients with cerebrovascular disease, there is no correlation between TEG indicators and the D-D level of routine coagulation tests; the Angle angle of patients with cerebrovascular disease is positively correlated with the elevated Fib; and MA distance is more useful for diagnosing cerebral infarction than cerebral hemorrhage. TEG is complementary to routine coagulation test, and can be used as a laboratory index for assessing the severity of cerebrovascular disease.
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Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is the treasure of the Chinese nation. As an important raw material for clinical treatment of diseases， Chinese materia medica plays an extremely important role. However， in the process of transformation from traditional wild collection of animals and plants to modern artificial cultivation and industrial production of preparations， whether the quality of Chinese materia medica is fully transferred will directly affect the quality and clinical efficacy of Chinese materia medica preparation. From the field to the sickbed， process control of quality transfer of Chinese materia medica is the key to guarantee quality and curative effect. In this paper， the whole process that affects the quality of Chinese materia medica preparations such as seed and seedling， planting and breeding， harvesting and processing， processing of decoction pieces and preparation production was analyzed. Paying attention to the whole process of quality control of Chinese materia medica is of great significance to improve the quality of Chinese materia medica preparations and promote the rapid development of TCM. Based on this， the author intended to analyze the key control links in the quality transfer process of Chinese materia medica （breeding， planting areas and field management， timely harvesting and intensive primary processing， appropriate processing， optimization of preparation technology， standardization of packaging and informationization of storage and transportation）， in order to provide reference for the design and development of Chinese materia medica preparations guided by clinical value.
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@#AIM:To observe the changes of the vessel density of choriocapillaris in lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs, and to explore choroidal endothelin-1(ET-1), endothelin receptor A(ETAR)and receptor B(ETBR)expression changes and the effect of electroacupuncture. <p>METHODS: Fifty-four guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control(NC), lens-induced myopia(LIM)and LIM+electroacupuncture(LIM+EA). The NC group was fed normally without intervention and the right eye in LIM group and LIM+EA group was coverd with a -6.00D lens to establish a myopia model. At 2 and 4wk, the refraction, axial length and the vessel density of choriocapillaris in groups were measured. The expression and protein content of ET-1, ETAR and ETBR mRNA in groups were detected by the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(quantitative polymerase chain reaction, q-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and immunohistochemistry. <p>RESULTS: At 2 and 4wk, compared with the the NC group, refraction and axial length in LIM group and LIM+EA group had significantly increased(all <i>P</i><0.001). Compared with the LIM group, the refraction and axial length in LIM+EA group were decreased(all <i>P</i><0.05). At 2 and 4wk, compared with the NC group,the vessel density of choriocapillaris was decreased(<i>P</i><0.001)and the ET-1, ETAR and ETBR mRNA and protein levels in choroid were increased(all <i>P</i><0.05)in LIM group. At 2 and 4wk, compared with the LIM group,the vessel density of choriocapillaris was decreased(<i>P</i><0.01)and the ET-1, ETAR and ETBR mRNA and protein levels in choroid were increased in LIM+EA group.<p>CONCLUSION:In LIM guinea pigs, the choroidal blood flow decreased with the increased of refraction and axial length, which may affect ET-1 and its receptors through vascular shear force during the development of myopia. At the same time, electroacupuncture can improve choroidal blood flow through neuromodulation and affects the vascular shear stress to down-regulate the content of ET-1 and its receptor to delay the development of myopia.
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Objective:To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndromes （MS） and MS scores as well as related health behavior factors in Zhongshan Community， Songjiang， Shanghai. Methods:A total of 6 802 residents aged 20-74 years old in Zhongshan Community were selected. Face-to-face survey and body measurement were used to collect information such as MS-related behavioral factors （including smoking， alcohol intake， exercise and diet） and to determine the MS scores. MS scores were divided into 6 levels. Ordered logit model was used to analyze the factors related to MS score， and logit model was used to analyze the factors related to MS. Results:The prevalence of 6 metabolic syndrome scores in the sample population were 13.5%， 24.3%， 25.1%， 19.7%， 12.3%， 5.1%， respectively. The prevalence of MS was 37.0%. The related factors of high MS score in male were advanced age， alcohol intake and tea drinking， while the related factors of high MS score in female were advanced age and previous smoking. The related factors of MS was alcohol intake in male while female with advanced age had higher risk in developing MS. Conclusion:The prevalence of MS in Zhongshan Community is relatively high， which has become one of the important public health problems in this community. Attention should be paid to the elderly men who drink alcohol and tea， and aged women who have ever smoked.
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The primary and secondary tuberculosis features two completely different pathogenesis.At present,the pathogenesis of primary tuberculosis has been clear,whereas that of secondary tuberculosis remains unclear.In order to decipher the mechanism of secondary infection of
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Humans , Coinfection , Cord Factors , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis , Tuberculosis, PulmonaryABSTRACT
Although the guiding principles for molecular identification of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) using DNA barcoding have been recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, there is still a lack of systematic research on its application to commercial TCM decoctions. In this study, a total of 212 commercial TCM decoctions derived from different medicinal parts such as root and rhizome, fruit and seed, herb, flower, leaf, cortex, and caulis were collected to verify applicability and accuracy of the method. DNA barcodes were successfully obtained from 75.9% (161/212) of the samples, while other samples failed to be amplified due to genomic DNA degradation. Among the 161 samples, 85.7% of them were identified as recorded species in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition). In addition, 14 samples could be identified as species recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and their closely related species in the same genus. Morphological identification for the unconfirmed samples showed that eight were genuine species and three were adulterants, while the other three were unidentifiable due to lack of morphological characteristics. Furthermore, the DNA barcodes of seven samples accurately mapped to the sequences of adulterants. Remarkably, counterfeit products were detected in two samples. These results demonstrate that DNA barcoding is suitable for the identification of commercial TCM decoctions. The method can effectively detect adulterants and is appropriate for use throughout the industrial chain of TCM production and distribution, and by the supervisory agencies as well.
ABSTRACT
L~*, a~* and b~* values of prepared slices of Curcumae Rhizoma were measured by spectrophotometer. SPSS 21.0 was used for discriminant analysis to establish the color range and mathematical prediction model of prepared slices of Curcumae Rhizoma. The values of L~*, a~* and b~* of kwangsiensis ranged from 58.09-62.40, 4.53-5.66 and 23.61-24.29, while the values of L~*, a~* and b~* of phaeocaulis were between 64.02-70.71,-0.89-4.13 and 44.59-54.52, respectively. The values of L~*, a~* and b~* of wenyujin were 68.55-70.99,-0.11-1.47 and 28.26-32.19, respectively. The mathematical prediction model was proved to be able to realize 100% identification of Curcumae Rhizome of different origins through original and cross validation and external samples validation. A dual wavelength HPLC was established; the contents of 9 sesquiterpenoids and 3 Curcumae Rhizomes were determined simultaneously; and the contents of Curcumae Rhizome of different origins were determined. The results showed that kwangsiensis had higher contents of neocurdione, β-elemene and isocurcumaenol, phaeocaulis curcumin, furadienone, demethoxycurcumin and curcumin; and wenyujin mainly contained curdione, furadienes and guimarone. Pearson correlation analysis on L~*, a~*, b~* value and content of 12 components showed that curcumin, furadienone, demethoxycurcumin and curcumin had a significant positive correlation with b~* value(P<0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between neocurdione, β-elemene and isocurcumaenol and L~* value(P<0.01). Curdione, furadienes and guimarone were significantly correlated with L~* value(P<0.01),indicating that the appearance co-lor of Curcumae Rhizoma could reflect the change of the content of the internal components. This study provided reference for the rapid recognition of Curcumae Rhizoma and the establishment of quality evaluation system.